Introduction to Types of Drying Machines

Introduction to Types of Agricultural/Industrial Dryers

There are various types of dryers, including grain/box/continuous/industrial drying, with diverse drying materials and multiple options for heat sources such as electricity, wood, and biomass pellets.

The working principle of a grain dryer mainly includes heating and drying, ventilation circulation, temperature control, humidity monitoring, and automatic dehumidification. Specifically:
Heating and drying: Using a hot air drying oven and a rotary heating device, it can generate a large amount of hot air in a short period of time to heat and dry the grain. The advantage of this technology is its fast dry blasting speed and high efficiency, which can effectively reduce the cost of dry blasting.
Ventilation cycle: composed of components such as fans, pipes, and valves. The fan sucks in hot air from the heater and sends it into the drying chamber through a pipeline to heat and dry the grains. At the same time, the moisture in the drying room is discharged through a valve to ensure that the drying room maintains a suitable humidity. The reasonable design of ventilation circulation system can effectively improve the efficiency of dry explosion and avoid the phenomenon of grain overheating or uneven dry explosion.
Temperature control: achieved through components such as sensors, controllers, and heaters. Sensors are installed in the drying room to monitor temperature changes; The controller automatically adjusts the power of the heater based on the temperature information feedback from the sensor to maintain a stable temperature inside the drying room. Through temperature control technology, precise control of drying temperature can be achieved to ensure optimal drying effect of grains.
Humidity monitoring: achieved through components such as sensors and controllers. The humidity sensor installed in the drying room can monitor the humidity of grain in real time; The controller receives humidity information feedback from the humidity sensor, compares it with the set value, and then automatically adjusts the power of the heater or the size of the air inlet based on the comparison result to maintain stable humidity in the drying room.

The box type dryer generates hot air through heating elements and fans, and sends the hot air into the drying box. The material is subjected to the action of hot air in the drying box, and the moisture gradually evaporates and is discharged outside the box, thus achieving the purpose of drying. Box type dryers are usually equipped with temperature control systems and dehumidification systems to ensure the stability and efficiency of the drying process.
Box type design: The box type dryer adopts a box type design, with heating elements and fans inside, compact structure, and small footprint.
Heating element: Heating elements usually use electric heating tubes or hot air stoves to provide pure hot air, with adjustable and controllable hot air temperature.
Fan: The fan is used to send hot air into the drying box and promote the circulation of hot air inside the box, ensuring that the materials are uniformly heated.
Temperature control system: Through temperature sensors and controllers, precise control of the temperature inside the drying oven is achieved.

The working principle of industrial dryers is mainly based on physical principles such as heat conduction, heat convection, and heat radiation, which achieve rapid drying of materials through a certain amount of thermal energy and air flow.
Heat conduction: The heating elements of the dryer (such as electric heating wires, gas burners, etc.) generate heat energy and transfer it to the material. After absorbing heat energy, the moisture in the material begins to evaporate.
Thermal convection: There is usually a hot air circulation system inside the dryer, which blows hot air into the dryer through a fan and exchanges heat with the material. The humid and hot air will be discharged from the dryer, while fresh hot air continues to be replenished, forming continuous heat convection and accelerating the drying process of the material.
Thermal radiation: The high temperature generated by the heating element will also act on the material in the form of thermal radiation, causing the surface temperature of the material to rise and further promoting the evaporation of water.